🟣 OOP · Lesson 46

Multiple Inheritance

What is Multiple Inheritance?

Multiple Inheritance
Multiple inheritance allows a derived class to inherit from more than one base class. It is powerful but should be used carefully to avoid ambiguity.

Level
🟣 Object-Oriented Programming

Example File
multiple-inheritance.cpp

Main Focus
Concept + syntax + practical C++ program

Why should you learn this?

It helps you write correct and readable C++ programs.
It is used repeatedly in school practicals, projects and competitive programming.
It builds the base for advanced topics such as OOP, STL and data structures.

Important Terms

Term	Meaning / Use
multiple inheritance	Multiple Inheritance programming में Multiple inheritance use होता है।
ambiguity	Multiple Inheritance programming में Ambiguity use होता है।
base class	Multiple Inheritance programming में Base class use होता है।
derived class	Multiple Inheritance programming में Derived class use होता है।

Syntax / Pattern

C++

class C : public A, public B { };

Example Program

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Sports{ public: int sports=10; };
class Exam{ public: int marks=80; };
class Result : public Sports, public Exam{};
int main(){ Result r; cout << r.marks + r.sports; }

Expected Output

Program Explanation

Result inherits members from Sports and Exam.
Total is calculated using both inherited values.

Exam Tip: In C++ practical answers, write the logic first, then the program, then expected output. For theory, always include one suitable example.

Where will you use it?

combined result systems
interfaces
mix-in behavior

Common Mistakes

Name ambiguity when two base classes have same member.
Overusing multiple inheritance.

Practice Tasks

Create class Result from Test and Sports.
Explain diamond problem in simple words.

Summary

Multiple Inheritance एक ज़रूरी C++ topic है। परिभाषा सीखें, syntax समझें, example program चलाएं और फिर practice tasks हल करके concept मज़बूत करें।