MySQL + SQL · Lesson 36

DROP, TRUNCATE and DELETE Difference

Three Ways to Remove Data

These three look similar but behave very differently — a favourite exam question.

The Difference

PointDELETETRUNCATEDROP
Removeschosen rowsall rowswhole table
WHERE allowed?YesNoNo
Structure kept?YesYesNo
TypeDMLDDLDDL
Rollback?PossibleNoNo

Examples

DELETE FROM students WHERE marks < 33;  -- some rows
TRUNCATE TABLE students;                -- all rows, keep table
DROP TABLE students;                    -- table gone

Summary

  • DELETE = selected rows (with WHERE), can rollback.
  • TRUNCATE = all rows, keeps structure, faster.
  • DROP = removes the table entirely.
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