INTERSECT and EXCEPT Alternatives in MySQL

Set Operations

Workarounds

-- INTERSECT: students who are also toppers
SELECT roll_no FROM students
WHERE roll_no IN (SELECT roll_no FROM toppers);

-- EXCEPT: students who are NOT toppers
SELECT roll_no FROM students
WHERE roll_no NOT IN (SELECT roll_no FROM toppers);

Summary

• INTERSECT = common rows; EXCEPT = in first but not second.
• In MySQL, simulate with IN / NOT IN subqueries.

Set Operations

Workarounds

-- INTERSECT: जो students toppers भी हैं
SELECT roll_no FROM students
WHERE roll_no IN (SELECT roll_no FROM toppers);

-- EXCEPT: जो students toppers नहीं हैं
SELECT roll_no FROM students
WHERE roll_no NOT IN (SELECT roll_no FROM toppers);

सारांश

• INTERSECT = common rows; EXCEPT = पहले में पर दूसरे में नहीं।
• MySQL में IN / NOT IN subqueries से simulate करें।